Given an RGB value, how do I create a tint (or shade)?
Given an RGB value, like 168, 0, 255 , how do I create tints (make it lighter) and shades (make it darker) of the color?
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asked Jul 7, 2011 at 17:57
DenaliHardtail DenaliHardtail
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3 Answers 3
Sorted by: Reset to default
Among several options for shading and tinting:
- For shades, multiply each component by 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, etc., of its previous value. The smaller the factor, the darker the shade.
- For tints, calculate (255 – previous value), multiply that by 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, etc. (the greater the factor, the lighter the tint), and add that to the previous value (assuming each.component is a 8-bit integer).
Note that color manipulations (such as tints and other shading) should be done in linear RGB. However, RGB colors specified in documents or encoded in images and video are not likely to be in linear RGB, in which case a so-called inverse transfer function needs to be applied to each of the RGB color’s components. This function varies with the RGB color space. For example, in the sRGB color space (which can be assumed if the RGB color space is unknown), this function is roughly equivalent to raising each sRGB color component (ranging from 0 through 1) to a power of 2.2. (Note that “linear RGB” is not an RGB color space.)
See also Violet Giraffe’s comment about “gamma correction”.
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answered Jul 7, 2011 at 18:01
Peter O. Peter O.
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I tried this out and it worked great. I thought it would be helpful to write examples of the formulas. Original (r,g,b); Shade (rs,gs,bs): rs = r * 0.25 , gs = g * 0.25 , bs = b * 0.25 (that is a pretty dark shade); Tint (rt,gt,bt): rt = r + (0.25 * (255 – r)) , gt = g + (0.25 * (255 – g)) , bt = b + (0.25 * (255 – b)) (that is a pretty light tint). I did it as part of a cool array that created lots of hues and it worked great. Hope that helps. Thanks Peter.
Feb 19, 2014 at 0:41
You have made a mistake. It is viceversa.
Dec 24, 2014 at 7:22
Are you sure these manipulation must not account for gamma correction?
Jun 6, 2016 at 11:06
@VioletGiraffe: You make a good point with gamma correction. See my edit. (This replaces a deleted comment of mine from 22 hours ago.)
Jan 26, 2017 at 21:17
Some definitions
- A shade is produced by “darkening” a hue or “adding black”
- A tint is produced by “ligthening” a hue or “adding white”
Depending on your Color Model, there are different methods to create a darker (shaded) or lighter (tinted) color:
newR = currentR * (1 - shade_factor) newG = currentG * (1 - shade_factor) newB = currentB * (1 - shade_factor) newR = currentR + (255 - currentR) * tint_factor newG = currentG + (255 - currentG) * tint_factor newB = currentB + (255 - currentB) * tint_factor newR = currentR + (aR - currentR) * alpha newG = currentG + (aG - currentG) * alpha newB = currentB + (aB - currentB) * alpha where (aR,aG,aB) = black = (0,0,0) for shading, and (aR,aG,aB) = white = (255,255,255) for tinting
- To shade: lower the Value / Brightness or increase the Saturation
- To tint: lower the Saturation or increase the Value / Brightness
- To shade: lower the Lightness
- To tint: increase the Lightness
There exists formulas to convert from one color model to another. As per your initial question, if you are in RGB and want to use the HSV model to shade for example, you can just convert to HSV , do the shading and convert back to RGB . Formula to convert are not trivial but can be found on the internet. Depending on your language, it might also be available as a core function :
- RGB to HSV color in javascript?
- Convert RGB value to HSV
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